Joodse traditie als permanent leren

318.

MITZVAH, biblical or rabbinic injunction; applied also to good or charitable deeds.

RISHONIM, older rabbinical authorities. Distinguished from later authorities (aharonim).

SHEKHINA, Divine Presence.

SHEMA ( ((Yisrael)); "hear ... ((O Israel)),", Deut. 6:4), Judaism's confession of faith, proclaiming the absolute unity of God.

TALMUD, "teaching"; compendium of discussions on the Mishnah by generations of scholar s and jurists in many academies over a period of several centuries. The Jerusalem (or Palestinian) Talmud mainly contains the discussions of the Palestinian sages. The Babylonian Talmud incorporates the parallel discussion in the Babylonian academies.

TALMUD TORAH, term generally applied to Jewish religious (and ultimately to talmudic) study; also to traditional Jewish religious public schools.

TANNA (pl. TANNAIM), rabbinic teacher of mishnaic period.

TOSAFIST, talmudic glossator, mainly French ( 12th-14th century), bringing additions to the commentary by Rashi.

TOSAFOT, glosses supplied by tosafist.

TOSEFTA, a collection of teachings and traditions of the tannaim, closely related to the Mishnah.

YESHIVAH (pl. YESHIVOT), Jewish traditional academy devoted primarily to study of rabbinic literature; rosh yeshivah, head of the yeshivah.

ZOHAR, mystical commentary on the Pentateuch; main textbook of Kabbalah.