Joodse traditie als permanent leren

317.

VERKLARENDE WOORDENLIJST

De onderstaande verklaringen zijn afkomstig uit de 'Glossary' van EJ.

AGGADAH, name given to those sections of Talmud and Midrash containing homilectic expositions of the Bible, stories, legends, folklore, anecdotes or maxims. In contradistinction to halakhah.

AHARONIM, later rabbinic authorities. In contradistinction to rishonim ("early ones").

AMORA (pl. AMORAIM), title given to the Jewish scholars in Erez Israel

and Babylonia in the third to sixth centuries who were responsible for the Gemara.

ASHKENAZ , name applied generally in medieval rabbinical literature to Germany.

BARAITA (pl. BERAITOT ), statement of tanna not found in Mishnah.

BAR MITZVAH, ceremony marking the initiation of a boy at the age of 13 into the Jewish religious community.

BET HA-MIDRASH, school for higher rabbinic learning; often attached to or serving as a synagogue.

GAON (pi. GEONIM), head of academy in post-talmudic period, especially in Babylonia.

GEMARA, traditions, discussions, and rulings of the amoraim, commenting on and supplementing the Mishnah, and forming part of the Babylonian and Palestinian Talmuds (see Talmud).

HALAKHA (pl. HALAKHOT), an accepted decision in rabbinic law. Also refers to those parts of the Talmud concerned with legal matters. In contradistinction to aggadah.

HUMMASH, Pentateuch.

KABBALAH, the Jewish mystical tradition:

KABBALAH IYYUNIT, speculative Kabbalah; KABBALAH MA'ASIT, practical Kabbalah; KABBALAH NEVU'IT, prophetic Kabbalah.

MIDRASH, method of interpreting Scripture to elucidate legal points (Midrash Halakhah) or to bring out lessons by stories or homilectics (Midrash Aggadah). Also the name for a collection of such rabbinic interpretations.

MISHNAH, earliest codification of Jewish Oral Law.

MISHNAH (pi. MISHNAYOT), subdivision of tractates of the Mishnah.